 |
| Home | Search | Contact Us | Advertise With Us | ||||
| | |||
| ||||
| Education in India | |
| Home » India Edu Destination » Structure » Structure of Education |
|
 The education system of India is one of the largest of its kind in the world. More than 102.8 million people come under this education system.Elementary education in India has been emphasized to increase the literacy percentage of the country.India’s post-independence period has seen the launch of various schemes by the Government to promote education among the masses and to achieve universalization of elementary education in the country.The constitutional and legal statements that appear time to time are as follows:
Elementary Education: State Summary-2005
*Including bifurcated districts The pre-primary education begins at the age of five and it continues for one year.This is the initial stage of a child in his/her educational career.When the child reaches an age of six, he or she prepares to go for primary education. Primary The primary schooling system starts at the age of six.The Primary Stage consists of either from Classes I-V or from I-IV depending upon the education system of the state.The five years system i.e. Classes I-V is applicable in 20 States/UTs namely Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Bihar, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Madhya Pradesh, Manipur, Orissa, Punjab, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Chandigarh, Delhi and Karaikal and Yanam regions of Pondicherry.The four year system consists of classes I-IV which is applicable in Assam, Goa, Gujarat, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Dadra & Nagar Haveli, Daman & Diu, Lakshadweep and Mahe region of Pondicherry. Middle The middle stage of education consists of classes either from VI-VIII or from VI-VII depending upon the states or union territories.The 18 states which come under the first category are: Arunachal Pradesh, Bihar, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Madhya Pradesh, Manipur, Punjab, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Chandigarh, Delhi and Karaikal region of Pondicherry.The second system (VI-VII) is effective in states like Assam, Goa, Gujarat, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Dadra & Nagar Haveli, Daman & Diu, Lakshadweep and Mahe region of Pondicherry. Special programmes under Elementary Education Sarva Siksha Abhiyan (SSA) “Sarva Siksha Abhiyan” or “Education for All Movement” was started by the Government of India to make the universalisation of elementary education in the country.The programme was mandated in the constitution making education free to children of ages 6-14 and a fundamental right.The programme aims to achieve the goal by 2010. SSA has several plans in its hand.The programme includes opening of new schools in those areas where schooling facilities are not available.It also provides basic infrastructure to the existing schools by providing additional classrooms, toilets, drinking water, maintenance grant and other accessories.It also seeks to provide computer education to the children. The programme emphasizes on girl’s education and children with special needs. Non-Formal Education For making the universalisation of elementary education in the country an important measure adopted was opening of non-formal education centres for children in the age group 6-14.This system of education was adopted for those children who were not covered under the formal education system. The children in the age group of 6-14 were out of the school either because they were not admitted in the schools or were withdrawing from the schools before the completion of their elementary education. Hence these children now get free education at their door step.Though this programme was started in the late 1978, it has been accelerated in the recent days. These non-formal centres are mainly located in the rural villages of the country. Secondary Education Stages: Secondary education in India starts form class VIII or IX depending upon the states or union territories. The Secondary Stage consists of Classes IX-X in 19 States/UTs. Viz., Arunachal Pradesh, Bihar, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Madhya Pradesh, Manipur, Nagaland, Punjab, Rajasthan , Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Chandigarh, Delhi and Karaikal region of Pondicherry. The other stage i.e. classes VIII to X is adopted in 13 States/UTs viz., Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Goa, Gujarat, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Orissa, Dadra & Nagar Haveli, Daman & Diu, Lakshadweep and Mahe & Yanam regions of Pondicherry. The Higher Secondary / Senior Secondary stage of school (classes XI-XII) which comes under the 10+2 pattern is available in all the States/UTs though in some States/UTs these classes run in Junior colleges or are attached with universities. Medium of Study: The medium of instruction at primary level is the regional language of the respective state.Teaching of Hindi and English is compulsory in most of the non-Hindi speaking states.The states like Tamil Nadu, Tripura and Karaikal region of Pondicherry have not accepted Hindi as a compulsory subject to be included in their syllabus. Final Examinations: The final examinations are conducted at the end of classes X and XII in all states and Union Territories. The State Boards or Councils conduct these examinations.The age limit for secondary exams varies from 14 to 16 whereas for higher secondary it varies from 16+ to 18+ years. In some states the first final examination is conducted at the middle school level of education. Academic Session: The academic session usually begins from July after a long summer vacation in most of the states but it is different in hilly states where the winter vacation is significant. The total number of working days is more than 200 days in all states and Union Territories. Higher Education Introduction The Higher Education sector of India is the third largest in the world in terms of number of students.The higher education refers to the study in colleges, universities and research centres.After the completion of class 12th or intermediate course a student generally goes for higher study.The country has about 380 universities and deemed universities, over 17,500 colleges and hundreds of national and regional research institutes.The institutes for higher learning in India follow specific rules as made by the state or the central government.There are also some statutory and autonomous bodies running in the country to regulate the higher education system in the country. Undergraduate Colleges The initial period of the higher education starts from the undergraduate level.After completion of intermediate level (i.e.10+2 or class 12th) in any stream a student is eligible to pursue higher education. The duration of study is either three years or four years or even five years in case of Medical Science or Architecture etc. The Engineering degree is of four years duration and all other degree courses in Arts, Commerce and Basic Sciences are of three years duration.After successful completion of the course a student is awarded a degree by the college or by the university with which the college is affiliated. There are more than 16,000 colleges in India.These colleges are affiliated to different universities of their state.The pattern of examination varies from one university to the other.Some holds annual examination while other conducts semesters.The total marks also differ from one university to the other.Some universities have started the “grading system” for awarding degrees.The syllabus for a particular course is designed by the affiliating university and it is in a state of modification from time to time. The colleges of India follow the reservation policy as mandated by the government.There is provision of reservation of seats in colleges for special categories like Scheduled Castes (SCs), Scheduled Tribes (STs), Other Backward Castes (OBCs), Physically Challenged, Sports Personalities and other categories as classified by the reservation act. Click here for list of top colleges… Universities A university is an institution of higher learning that offers degrees at all levels (Bachelor, Master or Doctorate) in different fields.There are as many as 300 universities in India which are either state, central or deemed universities.These universities provide different programmes and also carry out researches in respective fields. The Post Graduate or Masters Degree programme is offered at all universities in the country. Generally the duration of masters’ degree programme is of two years.After successful completion of programme in any discipline, the student is awardedMasters degree in the same field.The student who undergoes Master programme would get intensive theory and practical classes.Sometime internships and trainings are also covered as a part of the programme of study to sharpen the skills of the student. Universities of India follow the guidelines of the University Grant Commission (UGC). The funds are provided by the state governments or by the UGC. Evaluation Process Evaluation process in Indian Education System is meant for evaluating the academic standard of a student by awarding grades, divisions, marks or by any other forms as recognized by the government. Grading system in secondary school - 85% and above -Excellent - 80-85% - Superior - 70-80% - Very good - 60-70% - Good - 50-60% - Satisfactory - 40-50% - Average - 35-40% - Pass - Below 40% - Fail Grading systems in higher education institutions - 60-100% - First Division - 50-59% - Second Division - 40-49% - Third Division The most predominant form of grading system (in evaluation process) in the country is the percentage system. In this process the marks obtained by the student is divided by the maximum marks to obtain the percentage for award of division or class. However some universities in India have started to follow a marking system based on a grade point average.The grading system in these institutes is a Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) on a 10 or 4 point scale. Notably, all the IITs, BITS Pilani (Pilani, Goa campuses) and most NITs use a 10-point Grade point Average (GPA) system.However, the grades themselves may be absolute (as in NITs), exclusively relative (as in BITS Pilani), or a combination of absolute, relative and/or historic, as in some IITs. Click here to know more about Universities in India… The Degrees specified and recognized by the University Grants Commission: Abbreviation: AMBS Expanded Nomenclature: Ayurvedacharya Bachelor of Medicine & Surgery Years of Study: 4 years Minimum Eligibility: 10+2 Abbreviation: Acharya Expanded Nomenclature: Acharya Years of Study: 2 years Minimum Eligibility: 10+2 Abbreviation: Alankar Expanded Nomenclature: Alankar Years of Study: 3 Years Minimum Eligibility: 10+2 Abbreviation: Ayurvedacharya Expanded Nomenclature: Ayurvedacharya Years of Study: 5 ½ years Minimum Eligibility: 10+2 Abbreviation: B.A. Expanded Nomenclature: Bachelor of Arts Years of Study: 3 years Minimum Eligibility: 10+2 Abbreviation: B.A.M Expanded Nomenclature: Bachelor of Ayurvedic Medicine Years of Study: 4 years Minimum Eligibility: 10+12 Abbreviation: B.A.M.S Expanded Nomenclature: Bachelor of Ayurvedic Medicine and Surgery Years of Study: 5 ½ years Minimum Eligibility: 10+2 Abbreviation: B.Agri Expanded Nomenclature: Bachelor of Agriculture Years of Study: 4 years Minimum Eligibility: 10+2 Abbreviation: B.Arch. Expanded Nomenclature: Bachelor of Architecture Years of Study: 5 years Minimum Eligibility: 10+12 Abbreviation: B.C.E Expanded Nomenclature: Bachelor of Civil Engineering Years of Study: 4 ½ years Minimum Eligibility: 10+2 Abbreviation: B.C.L. Expanded Nomenclature: Bachelor of Civil Law Years of Study: 3 years Minimum Eligibility: 10+2+3 Abbreviation: B.Ch.E. Expanded Nomenclature: Bachelor of Chemical Engg. Years of Study: 4 ½ years Minimum Eligibility: 10+2 Abbreviation: B.Chem.Tech. Expanded Nomenclature: Bachelor of Chemical Technology Years of Study: 4 years Minimum Eligibility: 10+2 Abbreviation: B.Com Expanded Nomenclature: Bachelor of Commerce Years of Study: 3 years Minimum Eligibility: 10+2 Abbreviation: B.D.S. Expanded Nomenclature: Bachelor of Dental Surgery Years of Study: 4 years Minimum Eligibility: 10+2 Abbreviation: B.Dance Expanded Nomenclature: Bachelor of Dance Years of Study: 3 years Minimum Eligibility: 10+2 Abbreviation: B.E. Expanded Nomenclature: Bachelor of Engineering Years of Study: 4 ½ years Minimum Eligibility: 10+2 Abbreviation: B.E.E. Expanded Nomenclature: Bachelor of Electrical Engeei. Years of Study: 4 ½ years Minimum Eligibility: 10+2 Abbreviation: B.Ed. Expanded Nomenclature: Bachelor of Education Years of Study: 1 year Minimum Eligibility: 10+2+3 Abbreviation: B.F.Sc. Expanded Nomenclature: Bachelor of fisheries Science Years of Study: 4 years Minimum Eligibility: 10+2 Abbreviation: B.GL Expanded Nomenclature: Bachelor of General Law Years of Study: 3 years Minimum Eligibility: 10+2+3 Abbreviation: B.IM Expanded Nomenclature: Bachelor of Indian Medicine Years of Study: 3 years Minimum Eligibility: 10+2 Abbreviation: B.L Expanded Nomenclature: Bachelor of Law or Laws (Integrated Course). Years of Study: 5 years Minimum Eligibility: 10+2 Abbreviation: B.litt. Expanded Nomenclature: Bachelor of Literature Years of Study: 3 years Minimum Eligibility: 10+2 Abbreviation: B.litt. Expanded Nomenclature: Bachelor of Literature Years of Study: 3 years Minimum Eligibility: 10+2 Abbreviation: B.M.B.S Expanded Nomenclature: Bachelor of Medicineand Bachelor of Surgery Years of Study: 3 years Minimum Eligibility: 10+2 Abbreviation: B.M.E Expanded Nomenclature: Abbreviation: Bachelorof Mechanical Engineering Years of Study: 4 years Minimum Eligibility: 10+2 Abbreviation: B.Mus Expanded Nomenclature: Bachelor of Music Years of Study: 3 years Minimum Eligibility: 10+2 Abbreviation: B.Nat (Ayu) Expanded Nomenclature: Bachelor of Ayurved inNaturopathy Years of Study: 3 years Minimum Eligibility: 10+2 Abbreviation: B.Nurs Expanded Nomenclature: Bachelor of Nursing Years of Study: 3 years Minimum Eligibility: 10+2 Abbreviation: B.OL Expanded Nomenclature: Bachelor of OrientalLearning Years of Study: 3 years Minimum Eligibility: 10+2 Abbreviation: B.PE Expanded Nomenclature: Bachelor of PhysicalEducation Years of Study: 3 years Minimum Eligibility: 10+2 Abbreviation: B.Pharm Expanded Nomenclature: Bachelor of Pharmacy Years of Study: 4 years Minimum Eligibility: 10+2 Abbreviation: B.Pharm(Ayu) Expanded Nomenclature: Bachelor of Ayurved inPharmacy Years of Study: 4 years Minimum Eligibility: 10+2 Abbreviation: B.S.Sc. Expanded Nomenclature: Bachelor of sanitaryScience Years of Study: 3 years Minimum Eligibility: 10+2 Abbreviation: B.Sc. Expanded Nomenclature: Bachelor of Science Years of Study: 3 years Minimum Eligibility: 10+2 Abbreviation: B.T. Expanded Nomenclature: Bachelor of Training Years of Study: 1 year Minimum Eligibility: 10+2+3 Abbreviation: B.Tech Expanded Nomenclature: Bachelor of Technology Years of Study: 4 years Minimum Eligibility: 10+2 Abbreviation: B.Tel.E. Expanded Nomenclature: Bachelor of Tele Communication Engg. Years of Study: 4 years Minimum Eligibility: 10+2 Abbreviation: B.Text Expanded Nomenclature: Bachelor of Textiles Years of Study: 4 years Minimum Eligibility: 10+2 Abbreviation: B.V.Sc. Expanded Nomenclature: Bachelor of VeterinaryScience Years of Study: 5 years Minimum Eligibility: 10+2 Abbreviation: B.V.Sc. & A.H. Expanded Nomenclature: Bachelor of VeterinaryScience And Animal Husbandry Years of Study: 5 years Minimum Eligibility: 10+2 Bachelor of Lib.Sc. Expanded Nomenclature: Bachelor of LibraryScience Years of Study: 1 year Minimum Eligibility: 10+2+3 Abbreviation: BhashaParveena Expanded Nomenclature: Bhasha Parveena Years of Study: 5 years Abbreviation: D.Ay.M Expanded Nomenclature: Doctor of AyurvedicMedicine Abbreviation: D.Ed. Expanded Nomenclature: Doctor of Education * Abbreviation: D.Engg. Expanded Nomenclature: Doctor of Engineering * Abbreviation: D.Hy. Expanded Nomenclature: Doctor of Hygiene * Abbreviation: D.L. ExpandedNomenclature: Doctor of Law * Abbreviation: D.Litt. Expanded Nomenclature: Doctor of Literature orDoctor of * Abbreviation: D.M. Expanded Nomenclature: Doctor of Medicine (in2 years Cardiology) Abbreviation: D.Mus. Expanded Nomenclature: Doctor of Music 2 years Abbreviation: D.O.L. Expanded Nomenclature: Doctor of OrientalLearning * Abbreviation: D.Phil Expanded Nomenclature:Doctor of Philosophy * Abbreviation: D.Sc. Expanded Nomenclature: Doctor of Sciences * Abbreviation: Granthallaya Expanded Nomenclature: Granthalaya Years of Study: 1 year Minimum Eligibility: 4-BLIS (Granthalaya VigyanShastri). Abbreviation: HindiShiksha Visharad Expanded Nomenclature: Hindi Shiksha Visharad Years of Study: 2 years Minimum Eligibility: 10+2 Abbreviation: LL.B Expanded Nomenclature: Bachelor of Law or Laws Years of Study: 3 years Minimum Eligibility: 10+2 Abbreviation: LLD Expanded Nomenclature: Doctor of Laws * Abbreviation: LLM Expanded Nomenclature: Master of Law of Laws Years of Study: 2 years Minimum Eligibility: Graduation in Law Abbreviation: MA Expanded Nomenclature: Master of Arts Years of Study: 2 years Abbreviation: M.Arch Expanded Nomenclature: Master of Architecture Years of Study: 2 years Abbreviation: MBA Expanded Nomenclature: Master of BusinessAdministration Years of Study: 2 years Minimum Eligibility: Bachelor’s degree in anydiscipline of a recognized Univ. with at least 50% marks. Abbreviation: MBBS Expanded Nomenclature: Bachelor of Medicineand Bachelor of Surgery. Years of Study: 4 ½ years Abbreviation: M.Ch. Expanded Nomenclature: Master of Chirungiae Years of Study: 2 years Abbreviation: M.Ch.E Expanded Nomenclature: Master of chemicalEngg. Years of Study: 2 years Abbreviation: M.Com. Expanded Nomenclature: Master of Commerce Years of Study: 2 years Abbreviation: M.D. Expanded Nomenclature: Doctor of Medicine Years of Study: 3 years Abbreviation: M.Dance ExpandedNomenclature: Master of Dance Years of Study: 2 years Abbreviation: M.E. Expanded Nomenclature: Master of Engineering Years of Study: 1 ½ years Abbreviation: M.E.E. Expanded Nomenclature: Master of ElectricalEngineering Years of Study: 4 ½ years Abbreviation: M.Ed. Expanded Nomenclature: Master of Education Years of Study: 1 year Abbreviation: M.Ind Expanded Nomenclature: Master of Indology Years of Study: 2 years Abbreviation: M.L Expanded Nomenclature: Master of Laws Years of Study: 2 years Abbreviation: M.Lib.Sc. Expanded Nomenclature: Master of LibraryScience Years of Study: 1 year Abbreviation: M.Litt. Expanded Nomenclature: Master of Literature orMaster of Letters Years of Study: 2 years Abbreviation: M.M.E. ExpandedNomenclature: Master of MechanicalEngineering Years of Study: 2 years Abbreviation: M.Mus Expanded Nomenclature: Master of Music Years of Study: 2 years Abbreviation: M.O. Expanded Nomenclature: Master of Obstetrics orMaster of Obstetrics and Gynecology Years of Study: 2 years Abbreviation: M.O.L. Expanded Nomenclature: Master of OrientalLearning Years of Study: 2 years Abbreviation: M.P.E. ExpandedNomenclature: Master of PhysicalEducation Years of Study: 2 years Abbreviation: M.Pharm. Expanded Nomenclature: Master of Pharmacy Years of Study: 2 years Abbreviation: M.Phil Expanded Nomenclature: Master of Philosophy Years of Study: 2 years Abbreviation: M.Plan Expanded Nomenclature: Master of Planning 2years Years of Study: 2 years Abbreviation: M.S Expanded Nomenclature: Master of Surgery Years of Study: 2 years Abbreviation: M.S.A.M. Expanded Nomenclature: Master of Ayurved inMedicine and Surgery Years of Study: 2 years Abbreviation: M.S.W. Expanded Nomenclature: Master of Social Work Years of Study: 2 years Abbreviation: M.Sc. Expanded Nomenclature: Master of Science Years of Study: 2 years Abbreviation: M.Stat Expanded Nomenclature: Master of Statistics Years of Study: 2 years Abbreviation: M.Tech Expanded Nomenclature: Master of Technology Years of Study: 1 ½ years Abbreviation: M.Text Expanded Nomenclature: Master of Textiles Years of Study: 2 years Abbreviation: M.V.Sc Expanded Nomenclature: Master of VeterinaryScience Years of Study: 2 years Abbreviation: Parangat Expanded Nomenclature: Parangat Years of Study: 2 years Abbreviation: Ph.D Expanded Nomenclature: Doctor of Philosophy * Abbreviation: Samaj Karya Parangat Expanded Nomenclature: Samaj Karya Parangat Years of Study: 2 years Abbreviation: Samaj VidyaParangat Expanded Nomenclature: Samaj Vidya Parangat Years of Study: 2 years Abbreviation: Samaj VidyaVisharad Expanded Nomenclature: Samaj Vidya Visharad Years of Study: 2 years Abbreviation: Shastri Expanded Nomenclature: Shastri Years of Study: 3 years Abbreviation: ShikshanParangat Expanded Nomenclature: Shikshan Parangat Years of Study: 2 years Minimum Eligibility: M.A Abbreviation: ShikshanVisharad Expanded Nomenclature: Shikshan Visharad Years of Study: 1 years Abbreviation: Shiksha Shastri Expanded Nomenclature: Shiksha Shastri Years of Study: 1 years Abbreviation: Vachaspati Expanded Nomenclature: Vachaspati Years of Study: 2 years Abbreviation: Vidya Praveena Expanded Nomenclature: Vidya Praveena Years of Study: 5 years Abbreviation: VidyaVachaspati Expanded Nomenclature: Vidya Vachaspati Years of Study: 1 year Abbreviation: VidyaVaridhi Expanded Nomenclature: Vidya Varidhi Years of Study: 2 years * These degrees are awarded on the basis ofthe thesis submitted by the candidate. Degrees specified in 1998under Section 22 of the UGC Act. Abbreviation: AnuParangat Expanded Nomenclature:M.Phil Years of Study: 1year Minimum Eligibility:Master/Parangat Abbreviation: AyurvedaVachaspati Expanded Nomenclature:Ph.D in Ayurveda Minimum Eligibility:Master Abbreviation:BA/B.Ed. Expanded Nomenclature:Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Education Years of Study: 4years Minimum Eligibility: XIIStandard Abbreviation: BBA Bachelor of BusinessAdministration Years of Study: 3years Minimum Eligibility: XIIStandard Abbreviation: BBM Expanded Nomenclature:Bachelor of Business Management Years of Study: 3years Minimum Eligibility: XIIStandard Abbreviation: BCA Expanded Nomenclature:Bachelor of Computer Applications Years of Study: 3years Minimum Eligibility: XIIStandard Abbreviation: B.Com/B.Ed Expanded Nomenclature:Bachelor of Commerce and Bachelor of Education Years of Study: 4years Minimum Eligibility: XIIStandard Abbreviation: B.FA Expanded Nomenclature:Bachelor of Fine Arts Years of Study: 4years Minimum Eligibility: XIIStandard Abbreviation: B.H.M.S Expanded Nomenclature:Bachelor of Homeopathic Medicine Years of Study: 5 ½ years Minimum Eligibility: XIIStandard Abbreviation: BJ Expanded Nomenclature:Bachelor of Journalism Years of Study: 3 or 1years (3years after XIIStandard:1 year after Degree) Minimum Eligibility: XIIStandard Abbreviation: BLIS Expanded Nomenclature:Bachelor of Library and Information Science Years of Study: 3years Bachelor’s DegreeAbbreviation: BOT Expanded Nomenclature:Bachelor of Occupational Therapy Years of Study: 4years Minimum Eligibility: XIIStandard Abbreviation: BPEd Expanded Nomenclature:Bachelor of Physical Education Years of Study: 1year Minimum Eligibility:Bachelor’s Degree Abbreviation: BPP Expanded Nomenclature:Bachelor of Physical Planning Years of Study: 3years Minimum Eligibility: XIIStandard Abbreviation: BPS Expanded Nomenclature:Bachelor of Professional Studies (University to beaddressed) Years of Study: 4 ½years Minimum Eligibility: XIIStandard Abbreviation: BPT Expanded Nomenclature:Bachelor of Physiotherapy Years of Study: 4 ½years Minimum Eligibility: XIIStandard Abbreviation: B.Sc (Nursing) Expanded Nomenclature:Bachelor of Science in Nursing Years of Study: 4 years Minimum Eligibility: XIIStandard Abbreviation: B.Sc (Sericulture) Expanded Nomenclature:Bachelor of Science in Sericulture Years of Study: 4years Minimum Eligibility: XIIStandard Abbreviation: B.Sc/B.Ed Expanded Nomenclature:Bachelor of Science and Bachelor of Education Years of Study: 4years Minimum Eligibility: XIIStandard Abbreviation: B.S.M.S Years of Study: 4 ½years Minimum Eligibility: XIIStandardAbbreviation: B.Stat Expanded Nomenclature:Bachelor of Statistics (University to beaddressed) Years of Study: 3years Minimum Eligibility: XIIStandard Abbreviation: BSW Expanded Nomenclature:Bachelor of Social Work Years of Study: 3years Minimum Eligibility: XIIStandard Abbreviation: BUMS Expanded Nomenclature:Bachelor of Unani Medicine Years of Study: 4 ½years Minimum Eligibility:XII Standard Abbreviation: MCA Expanded Nomenclature:Master of Computer Applications Years of Study: 3years Minimum Eligibility:Bachelor’s DegreeAbbreviation: MDS Expanded Nomenclature:Master of Dental Surgery Years of Study: 2years Minimum Eligibility:BDS Abbreviation: MFA Expanded Nomenclature:Master of Fine Arts Years of Study: 2years Minimum Eligibility:BFAAbbreviation: MFSc. Expanded Nomenclature:Master of Fishery Science Years of Study: 2years Minimum Eligibility:Bachelor’s Degree Abbreviation: MJ Expanded Nomenclature:Master of Journalism Years of Study: 2years Minimum Eligibility:DegreeAbbreviation: MLIS Expanded Nomenclature:Master of Library and Information Science Years of Study: 2years Minimum Eligibility:BLIS/BLib Abbreviation: MP Ed Expanded Nomenclature:Master of Physical Education Years of Study: 1year Minimum Eligibility:BPED Abbreviation: ShikshaAcharya Expanded Nomenclature: ShikshaAcharya Years of Study: 1year Minimum Eligibility: BEd Abbreviation: VidyaNishaat Expanded Nomenclature:Vidya Nishaat Years of Study: 1year Minimum Eligibility:Master’s Degree Abbreviation:Vidyalankar Expanded Nomenclature: Vidyalankar Years of Study: 3years Minimum Eligibility: XIIStandard Abbreviation:Visharad Expanded Nomenclature:Visharad Years of Study: 3years Minimum Eligibility: XIIStandard Technical and Management Education (IITs, IIMs, NITs etc.) Technical Education The birth of technical education in India dates back to the early 19th century.But the development in this field was accelerated after India got its independence in 1947.During last three decades the technical education in the country has attained great hights.There is a well organized structure and a wide network of technical institutes offering different programmes.These include craftsman courses, technician (diploma) courses; graduate and post- graduate courses and also research programmes. These programmes inculcate knowledge, skills and competences among the students. I. Post Matric Technical Education This includes Diploma courses in Engineering and technology, which are offered in various technical schools and polytechnics located in various states and union territories.The course is of three years duration. Recently a number of diversified courses and facilities have been provided to students who prefer to take part time education.The products of the Diploma courses are expected to take up supervisory position in field and industry. II. Degree level The engineering education at degree level is offered by a number of government and private un-aided institutes of the country located in various states and union territories.These institutes follow the guide lines of the All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE).These programmes are either B. Tech or B. E. as prepared by the respective institute or university.The Bachelors Degree programme is of four years duration.Some institutes follow the annual examination pattern while others follow the semester system of examination.The scoring system may be in terms of grades or marks.After successful completion of the course the student is awarded with the degree in the relevant discipline. The country has some renowned institutes like Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) and National Institutes of Technology (NITs) located in different states.These institutes are of national and international importance.There are 7 IITs and 17 NITs in India which offer quality technical education to the students. Courses offered in Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) Under Graduate Level 1.Civil Engineering 2.Mechanical Engineering 3.Electrical Engineering 4.Chemical Engineering 5.Textile Technology 6.Metallurgy 7.Aeronautical Engineering 8. Mining Engineering 9.Agricultural Engineering 10.Naval Architecture 11.Architecture 12.Applied Geology 13.Exploration Geo-Physics 14.Electronics and communication For more details, Click Here. Courses offered in National Institute of Technology (NITs) Under Graduate Level 1.Civil Engineering 2.Mechanical Engineering 3.Electrical Engineering 4.Electronics and Communication 5.Metallurgy 6.Architecture 7.Chemical Engineering For more details, Click Here III. P.G. degree level The post graduate degree programmes offered in various institutes include M.E. or M.Tech. Basically these programmes are of two years duration. The institutes like IITs, NITs and other renowned institutes of the country provide these programmes. Courses offered in P.G. Diploma level 1.Traffic Engineering 2.Refrigeration & Air Conditioning 3.Hydrology 4.Technology of Food & Drugs 5.Computer Science 6.Computer Control Engineering 7.Scientific Instrumentation 8.Instrumentation Technology 9.Highway Engineering 10.Irrigation & Hydraulics 11.Inland water navigation Engineering 12.Town Planning etc. Courses offered in P.G. Degree level 1.Civil Engineering 2.Mechanical Engineering 3.Electrical Engineering 4.Chemical Engineering 5.Food & Bio-Chemical Engineering 6.Pharmacy 7.Chemical Technology 8.Textile Engineering 9.Electronics & Communication Engineering 10.Metallurgical Engineering 11.Architecture 12.Mining Engineering 13.Silicate Technology 14.Applied Mechanics 15.Town Planning 16.Applied Geology 17.Space Engineering & Rocketry 18.Aeronautical Engineering 19. Operations Research 20.Exploration Geophysics 21.Regional Planning 22.Mineral Engineering 23. Industrial Management & Industrial Engg. 24.Agricultural Engineering. Click Here Courses offered in IITs Post Graduate Level 1.Aeronautical Engineering 2.Agricultural Engineering 3.Chemical Engineering 4.Civil Engineering 5.Electrical Engineering 6.Electronics and Electrical Communication Engineering 7.Mechanical Engineering 8.Metallurgical Engineering 9.Mineral Engineering 10.Mining Engineering 11.Industrial Management and Industrial Engg. 12.Operations Research 13.City Planning 14.Regional Planning 15.Architecture 16.Applied Geology 17.Exploration Geophysics. Courses offered in NITs Post Graduate Level 1.Civil Engineering 2.Electrical Engineering 3.Mechanical Engineering 4.Metallurgical Engineering 5.Public Health Engineering 6.Structural Engineering Click Here. M.Tech. Industry-oriented Courses in NITs 1.Design & Production Engineering Machine Tools. 2.Electronics Instrumentation 3.Transportation Engineering 4.Chemical Plant Engineering 5.Advanced Physics 6.Advanced Engineering Mathematics 7.Hydraulics and Ground water Resources Eng 8.Design & Production - Power Plant Machinery Hydro-Electric. 9.Design & Production - Power Plant Machinery-Thermal 10.Design & Production - Power Plant Machinery-Heavy Electrical Equipment. 11.Foundation Engineering (Applied to Vibratory System) 12.Engineering Materials 13.Design & Production Engineering Medium Duty Machines 14.Mechanical Shaping of Metals (Rolling, Forging and Heat Treatment) 15.Extractive Metallurgy and Foundry with emphasis on Alloy Steel Production 16.Production of Fertilizers. 17.Extractive Metallurgy 18.Foundry Technology 19.Public Health Engineering 20.Integrated Power System and Diploma course in Metallurgy Ferro Alloys Production 21.Marine Structure 22.Industrial Structures 23.Industrial Physics 24.Analysis and Design of Process Equipment 25.Production of Process Machines and Equipment 26.Design of Process Machines 27.Design & Production - High Pressure Boilers and Accessories 28.Design & Production - Heavy Machines with emphasis on mechanical equipment for steel plants 29.Technology of Metallurgical Furn. Click Here. Technical and Professional Institutes under the Union Department of Secondary & Higher Education Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Indian Institute of Technology Madras Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore National Institute of Technologies (formerly called Regional Engineering Colleges) School of Planning & Architecture For more details, Click Here. Management Education In India, all educational institutes which are providing management education are certified by the All India Council of Technical Education (AICTE).The management study and training in the country come with a variety of names –Master of Business Administration (MBA), Master of Management Studies (MMS), Master in Finance Control (MFC), PG Diploma in Business Management, Post-Graduate Program in Public Management & Policy (PGP-PMP), Master of Public Administration (MPA), PG. Diploma in Management (PGDIM), PG. Diploma in Human Resource Management (PGDHRM), PG. Diploma in Financial Management (PGDFM), PG. Diploma in Operations Management (PGDOM), PG. Diploma in Marketing Management (PGDMM) and so on.During the course, there are prospects of internship from campus providing a glimpse into the operation of an organization.There is ample scope for role-play and other simulations to develop skills in relevant areas. Some common names in the world of management education are the Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs).There are six IIMs in the country located in various cities.These institutes are famous worldwide for imparting quality management education to the students of the country. For more details, Click Here. Research Centres Basic researches in India are mostly limited to academic institutions, universities, national and regional research laboratories and other central research development organizations. There are premier research establishments like BARC, ISRO, DRDO, ICAR, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Institute for Plasma Research, The Institute of Physics and many others such centres which are responsible for intensive research works in various fields of Science and Humanities. For more details on research centers in India, Click Here Teacher Training Institutes The main aim of providing training to the teachers is to bring reformation in the curriculum in schools throughout the country.Teachers are the most respectable personalities in the society who play a great role in making the lives of the children. Teachers must educate themselves to have an idea about the recent development of education through technology and should also pass it to their students for their future prospects.There are a number of teacher training institutes established in various states of the country to provide training based education to teachers.The National Council for Teacher Education (NCTE) is an advisory apex body for the Central and State Governments on all matters pertaining to teacher education. TTTI, Bhopal is another institute established by the government of India for development of technical education in the country.It is now the leader for integrated development of world class Technical Education and Training System through all possible means including teacher education, research and development and consultancy, consistent with the needs of the industry and community. For more details, Click Here.
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Introduction
